Теоретическая грамматика английского языка

Passive Voice (страдательный залог: "Я подвергаюсь чужому действию")

Время

Simple (простое)

Continuous (длительное)

Perfect (завершЈнное)

Настоящее (Present)

Меня часто (обычно, всегда) спрашивают.

Меня спрашивают прямо сейчас.

Меня уже спросили к этому моменту.

to be (am, are, is) V-ed, V3

to be (am, are, is) being V-ed, V3

to have/has been V-ed, V3

I am often asked by the people about .

I am being asked by my chief .

I have been asked at that moment.

Прошедшее (Past)

Меня спросили когда-то.

Меня спрашивали в тот момент.

Меня уже спросили к тому моменту.

was/were V-ed, V3

was/were being V-ed, V3

had been V-ed, V3

I was asked by the policeman .

They were asked by the policeman .

I was being asked.

I had been asked.

Будущее (Future)

Меня спросят (завтра).

Такой формы нет

Меня уже спросят к тому моменту.

will be V-ed, V3

Эта форма отсутствует, используется Future Simple: will be being V-ed, V3

will have been V-ed, V3

I will be asked by the students .

Такой формы нет

I will have been asked.

Прямая речь

Косвенная речь

You are pretty.

You are so intelligent.

You dance so well.

You've got [have got] lovely hair.

I'll never forget this day.

He said I was pretty.

He said I was so intelligent.

He said I danced so well.

He said I had got lovely hair

He said he would never forget that day.

Do you like ballet? Have you ever been to Boston?

He asked me if/whether I liked ballet.

He asked me if/whether I had ever been to Boston.

Where do you study?

What are you reading?

When will we meet again?

Why don't you stay longer?

He asked me where I studied

He asked me what I was reading.

He asked me when I should meet him again.

He asked me why I didn't stay longer.

Give me your telephone number, please.

Ring me up tomorrow

Help me to translate an article from English!

He asked me to give him my telephone number.

He asked me to ring him up the next morning.

He asked me to help him to translate an article from English.

Согласование времен (Active Voice)

Главное предложение

Придаточное предложение в косвенной речи

Он сказал, что .

He said, that .

Simple

Continuous

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

Настоящее (Present) .

пишет (вообще)

пишет (сейчас)

написал (уже)

пишет (уже в течение часа)

write

is writing

has written

has been writing

. переходит в формы прошедшего времени (Past)

wrote

Was writing

had written

had been writing

Прошедшее (Past) .

написал (вчера)

писал (вчера в 7 часов)

написал (вчера к 7и часам)

писал (вчера уже 3 часа, когда вдруг нечто случилось)

wrote

Was writing

had written

had been writing

. переходит в формы прошедшего же времени (Past)

had written (Perfect)

Was writing (Continuous - не меняется) или had been writing (Perfect Continuous)

эта форма остается без изменения

эта форма остается без изменения

Будущее (Future) .

напишет (завтра)

будет писать (завтра в 7 часов)

напишет (завтра к 7и часам)

будет писать (завтра уже 3 часа, когда вдруг нечто случится)

will write

will be writing

will have written

will have been writing

. переходит в формы Будущего-в-прошедшем (Future-in-the-past)

would write

would be writing

would have written

would have been writing